英美文学教程（美国卷）
2009-9
科学出版社
冯梅 等 著
297
近几十年来，中国的高等教育迅猛发展，英语专业的发展势如破竹，发展之快如雨后春笋。全国近千所大学都设有英语系，与此同时，与英语有关的，或者说，脱胎于英语专业而另图发展、更直接为社会经济发展服务的翻译专业或翻译方向以及商务英语专业也如火如荼。英语教学在中国的发展大有“前无古人，后无来者”之势。 近年来，相关部门和专家对高等教育的专业建设和课程建设进行了调查，发现高校的英语专业建立和英语专业建设之间仍存在着差距。某些学校没有完全按教育部英语专业教学大纲的规定开设必需的专业知识必修课，如语言学和英美文学。有的削减文学必修课的课时、简化课程，有的甚至不开设这些课程。一些学校的英语专业负责人认为：美国的历史太短，没有必要学习美国文学。实际上，这些现象都暴露了英美文学师资的短缺，师资短缺其严重影响了课程建设和专业建设。 英美文学教学历来是我国英语教学的重要组成部分。过去，许多大学有“外文系”，而不是“外语系”，更不是现在统称的“外国语学院”。“外文系”这一名称充分体现了对文学的重视，至今，复旦大学仍保留“外文系”。有些学校的英语专业还开设欧洲文学或欧洲文学史，开设亚非文学讲座、中国文学与文化大讲堂以及世界文学简史。我国老一辈英语专家们都是通过阅读文学原著掌握语言的精髓，都是在中西文学王国自由“徜徉”的学者。今天，我们要追逐前辈之伟大，恐极为不易，但我们应当掌握基本的文学知识。这是培养合格外语人才和建设者所必需的。因为文学作品呈现了人类最美好的语言，呈现了丰富多彩的世界，呈现了多样的人文素养。这也是英语专业教学大纲中要求的重要板块。
《英美文学教程（美国卷）》运用学界最新的研究成果和观点，吸纳现代教学理论和方法，结合现当代文学批评理论，将美国文学史、作品选读和文学知识纳入一体。《英美文学教程（美国卷）》分为四大部分，沿时间发展脉络介绍各时期的主要作家及其代表作品：第一部分是17世纪的美国文学。这是美国文学的孕育期，作品类别有限，此时的文学受清教主义影响较深，但也不乏浓郁人情味的世俗文学作品。第二部分是18世纪美国文学。此时期美国政治上的独立唤醒了民族意识，催生了民族文学的萌芽。第三部分是19世纪浪漫主义文学。此时期产生了美国真正的民族文学，标志着美国文学和文化的独立，同时现实主义文学的成就也达到了巅峰。19世纪末20世纪初的自然主义文学是现实主义文学的延伸和发展。第四部分是20世纪美国文学。美国步入现代时期，美国文学也迎来了又一次繁荣。诗歌、小说以及戏剧都有了突飞猛进的发展，成为世界文学中不可小觑的力量。 《英美文学教程（美国卷）》可作为高等院校或者自学考试英语专业学生的教材，也可供英语专业研究生和广大英语爱好者阅读参考。
Part One The 17 th CenturyChapter 1 American PuritanismChapter 2 Anne Bradstreet （1612——1672）To my Dear and Loving HusbandPart Two The 18 th CenturyChapter 1 EnlightenmentChapter 2 Philip Freneau （1752——1832）The Wild Honey SuckleTo the Memory of the Brave AmericansPart Three The 19 th CenturyChapter 1 American RomanticismChapter 2 William Cullen Bryant（1794——1878）To a WaterfowlChapter 3 Washington Irving （1783——1859）Rip Van WinkleChapter 4 James Fenimore Cooper （1789——1851）The Last of the MohicansChapter 5 Henry Wadsworth Longfellow（1807——1882）A Psalm of LifeThe Tide Rises, the Tide FallsDaybreakChapter 6 Walt Whitman （1819——1892）O Captain ！ My Captain ！Song of MyselfChapter 7 Emily Dickinson （1830——1886）Success Is Counted SweetestI Died for Beauty, But Was ScarceTell All the Truth but Tell It SlantThe Soul Selects Her Own SocietyBecause I Could Not Stop for DeathChapter 8 Edgar Allan Poe （1809——1849）To HelenAnnabel LeeThe Fall of the House of UsherChapter 9 Nathaniel Hawthorne （1804——1864）The Scarlet LetterChapter 10 Herman Melville （1819——1891）Moby DickChapter 11 American RealismChapter 12 Mark Twain （1835——1910）The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnChapter 13 Henry James （1843——1916）The Portrait of a LadyChapter 14 Harriet Beecher Stowe （1811——1896）Uncle Toms CabinChapter 15 American NaturalismChapter 16 Edwin Arlington Robinson（1869——1935）Richard CoryMiniver CheeryChapter 17 Stephen Crane （1871——1900）The Open BoatPart Four The 20 th CenturyChapter 1 Theodore Dreiser （1871——1945）Sister CarrieChapter 2 Jack London （1876——1916）The Call of the WildChapter 3 American ModernismChapter 4 Ezra Pound （1885——1972）In a Station of the MetroA PactA VirginalChapter 5 Robert Lee Frost（1874——1963）The Road Not TakenStopping by Woods on a Snowy EveningChapter 6 Carl August Sandburg（1878——1967）GrassChapter 7 Langston Hughes （1902——1967）DreamsDream DeferredThe Negro Speaks of RiversChapter 8 Sinclair Lewis （ 1885——1951）BabbitChapter 9 Francis Scott Fitzgerald （1896——1940）The Great GatsbyChapter 10 Ernest Hemingway （1899——1961）The Sun Also RisesChapter 11 William Faulkner （1897——1962）The Sound and the FuryChapter 12 John Ernst Steinbeck （1902——1968）The Grapes of WrathChapter 13 Eugene ONeill （1888——1953）The Hairy ApeChapter 14 Edward Aibee （1928——）The American Dream
The bystanders began now to look at each other, nod, wink significantly, and taptheir fingers against their foreheads. There was a whisper, also, about securing the gun,and keeping the old fellow from doing mischief at the very suggestion of which, the self-important man in the cocked hat retired with some precipitation. At this critical moment afresh, likely woman pressed through the throng to get a peep at the gray-bearded man. Shehad a chubby child in her arms, which, frightened at his looks, began to cry. "Hush,Rip," cried she, "hush, you little fool, the old man wont hurt you. " The name of thechild, the air of the mother, the tone of her voice, all awakened a train of recollections inhis mind. "What is your name, my god woman？" asked he. "Judith Gardenier. " "And your fathers name？" "Ah, poor man, his name was Rip Van Winkle its twenty years since he went awayfrom home with his gun, and never has been heard of since——his dog came home withouthim but whether he shot himself, or was carried away by the Indians, nobody can tell. Iwas then but a little girl. " Rip had but one question more to ask but he put it with a faltering voice.. —— "Wheres your" mother？" "Oh, she too had died but a short time since； she broke a blood vessel in a fit ofpassion at a New England peddler. " There was a drop of comfort, at least, in thi.s intelligence. The honest man couldcontain himself no longer. ——He caught his daughter and her child in his arms. —— "I amyour father！" cried he—— "Young Rip Van Winkle once——old Rip Van Winkle now！ ——Doesnobody know poor Rip Van Winkle！" All stood amazed, until an old woman, tottering out from among the crowd, put herhand to her brow, and peering under it in his face for a moment, exclaimed, "Sure enough！it is Rip Van Winkle——it is himself： Welcome home again, old neighbor. ——Why, wherehave you been these twenty long years？"
