方法与技术（上）
1970-1
科学出版社
斯奎尔 编
564
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20世纪中叶以来，关于神经系统的研究从以往生物与心理学研究的边缘地位跃升，成为神经科学这一交叉学科。这一新学科将生物化学、细胞生物学、解剖学、生理学、心理学、神经病学、精神病学等具有不同背景的科学家与临床医生们联系起来，研究令人激动的脑的秘密。他们专注于探索神经元的功能机制。澄清行为与认知的神经基础，了解神经系统疾病。1969年神经科学学会的创建大大促进了该学科的发展，如今该学会已经拥有近37000名会员。第一个针对神经科学的学术培训项目建立于医学院（1965年加州大学圣迭戈分校建立神经科学系，1966年哈佛大学建立神经生物学系）。第一个本科生培训项目于1972年建立于.Amherst学院和Oberlin学院，后者培养了诺贝尔奖获得者RogeiSperry和三位神经科学会会长。时至今日，全世界已经有超过300个神经科学系或相应的培养项目。
《神经科学百科全书》原书篇幅巨大，为所有神经科学百科全书之首。由来自世界各地的2400多位专家撰稿人合力打造，覆盖了神经科学全部主要领域。书中每个词条在收入书中之前均经过顾问委员会的同行评议，词条中均含有词汇表、引言、参考文献和丰富的交叉参考内容。 主编为著名神经科学家、美国神经科学学会前主席Larry R.Squire。 内容平易，本科生即可读懂。 深度和广度独一无二，足可满足专家学者的需要。 导读版精选原书中的部分主题，按内容重新编排，更适合国内读者购买和阅读。
编者：（美国）斯奎尔（Larry R.Squire）
动物模型与方法Aging and Memory in AnimalsAging: Invertebrate Models of Normal Brain AgingAlzheimer's Disease: Transgenic Mouse ModelsAnimal Models of Alzheimer's DiseaseAnimal Models of AmnesiaAnimal Models of Huntington's DiseaseAnimal Models of Inherited Retinal DegenerationsAnimal Models of Motor and Sensory Neuron DiseaseAnimal Models of Parkinson's Disease生物化学、细胞与分子生物学Animal Models of StrokeBAC Transgenesis: Cell-Type Specific Expression in the Nervous SystemDrosophila Apterous Neurons: From Stem Cell to Unique NeuronDrug Addiction: Behavioral Pharmacology of Drug Addiction in RatsEpisodic Memory: Assessment in AnimalsExecutive Function and Higher-Order Cognition: Assessment in AnimalsInherited Macular Degenerations: Animal ModelsInvertebrate Models to Study Learning and Memory: LymnaeaLearning and Memory in Invertebrate Models: TritoniaLearning and Memory in Invertebrates: AplysiaLearning and Memory m Invertebrates: C-ElegansLearning and Memory m Invertebrates: DrosophilaLearning and Memory m Invertebrates: HermissendaLearning and Memory m Invertebrates: Honey BeeLearning and Memory m Invertebrates: LimaxLearning and Memory in Invertebrates: MollusksMammalian Sleep and Circadian Rhythms: FliesNeural Induction in ChicksNon-Primate Models of Normal Brain AgingProcedural Learning in AnimalsRodent AgingSpatial Memory: Assessment in AnimalsTransgenic Models of Neurodegenerative DiseaseVeloeiGene and VelociMouse: High-Throughput Approaches for Generating TargetedMutations in Mice on a Genome-Wide ScaleAtomic Force Microscopy MethodologiesBAC Use in the Study of the CNSCell Culture: Autonomic and Enteric NeuronsCell Culture: Primary Neural CellsCellular Dynamics Revealed by Digital Holographic MicroscopyChromaffin Cells: Model Cells for Neuronal Cell BiologyDecoding Neuron Transcriptome by SAGEEngineering Viruses for CNS studiesFluorescence Microscopy in the NeurosciencesFluorescent Biomarkers in NeuronsGlial Ion Homeostasis: A Fluorescence Microscopy ApproachImaging Studies Using Reporter-Gene Transgenic RatsMass Spectroscopy of ProteinsMemory: Genetic ApproachesMicroarray use for the Analysis of the CNSMicroglia Identification MethodsMonoamines: Release Studies .. .Neurophysiology: Past and PresentNeuroproteomicsNucleic Acid Introduction into Primary Neurons and GliaOligodendrocyte and Schwann Cell Identification MethodsOptical Monitoring of Exo- and EndocytosisPhotolysis of Caged Glutamate for Use in the CNSRNA Binding Protein MethodsRodent Behavior: ApproachesSingle Cell ElectroporationSingle Cell Genomic DNAAnalysisSingle Cell Molecular Analysis ProceduresSingle Cell PCR Coupled with ElectrophysiologySingle-Nucleotide Polymorphism （SNP） AnalysissiRNA: UtilitySynaptosomesUltrastructural Analysis of Spine PlasticityViral Vectors in the CNS其他系统神经科学方法Connectionist ModelsDeep Brain StimulationNeuroanatomy Methods in Humans and AnimalsNeuroinformaticsStatistical Tests and Inferences原书词条中英对照表
插图：Protein chromophores that can be activated to initiatefluorescence emission from a quiescent state （a pro-cess known as photoactivation） or that are capable ofbeing optically converted from one fluorescence emis-sion bandwidth to another （photoconversion） repre-sent perhaps the most promising approach to thein vivo investigation of protein lifetimes, transport,and turnover rates in neurons. Appropriately termedmolecular or optical highlighters, photoactivatedfluorescent proteins generally display little or no ini-tial fluorescence under excitation at the imagingwavelength, but dramatically increase their fluores-cence intensity after activation by irradiation at adifferent （usually lower） wavelength. Photoconver-sion optical highlighters, on the other hand, undergoa change in the fluorescence emission bandwidth pro-file on optically induced changes to the chromophore.These effects result in the direct and controlled high-lighting of distinct molecular pools within the cell. The ability to selectively initiate or alter fluores-cence emission profiles in photoconversion opticalhighlighter proteins renders these probes excellenttools for exploring protein behavior in living cells.Because the fluorescence intensity （or color spectrum）of highlighters occurs only after photon-mediatedconversion, newly synthesized non-photo-activatedprotein pools remain unobserved and do not com-plicate experimental results. This signal indepen-dence from new protein synthesis could potentiallyenable the study of protein degradation kinetics intagged molecules by techniques such as optical pulselabeling and monitoring of the fluorescence overtime. Additional quantitative techniques, includingfluorescence-correlation spectroscopy, should proveuseful in measuring the mobility of photoactivatedoptical highlighters in small numbers, even down tothe single-molecule level.
《神经科学百科全书5:方法与技术(上)(导读版)》由科学出版社出版。
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