英语写作教程-以内容为依托
2012-11
北京大学出版社
邹涛，张杨 主编
116
280000
在我国，随着哑巴式英语学习的困境逐渐解除，写作环节的问题日益
凸显。学生在写作中要么无话可写，要么有话表达不好。写作老师们变得 无所适从，学生因早早面对各种英语考试中的写作而心急如焚；老师们决
心扔掉国内教材而与国际接轨时，又发现英文原版教材的很多话题存在明 显的水土不服问题。基于以上困境，本《英语写作教程——以内容为依托
》编委在写作教学改革与实践基础上，试图结合中西写作教材的优势，以 编写新教材为牵引带动写作教学模式的革新。
《英语写作教程——以内容为依托》编写理念为以内容为依托的教学 法(content-based
itruction，简称CBI)。不过，这里的“内容”不是 某个专门的学科知识，而是适应于基础写作教学需求、让学生感觉亲切而
有表达兴趣的话题。本书由邹涛、张扬主编。
序言
Introduction to Writing Process and Writing Techniques
Chapter One Life Wisdom
Text A The Handsome and Deformed Leg
Text B What I Have Lived for
Text C Half a Sheet of Paper
Corpus-based Exercises (1)
Chapter Two Love
Text A Beauty
Text B Going Home
Text C Cyber Love: What Is Real & What Is Virtual
Corpus-based Exercises (2)
Chapter Three Family
Text A The Lost Art of Family Traditio
Text B Building a Happy, Healthy Family
Text C Of Parents and Children
Corpus-based Exercises (3)
Chapter Four Friendship
Text A Philia
Text B On Friendship
Text C For Immediate Release
Corpus-based Exercises (4)
Chapter Five Education
Text A Experience and Education
Text B Why I Teach
Text C Why Chinese Mothe Are Superior
Corpus-based Exercises (5)
Paragraph 1 points out that friendship arise from companionship. A example about ancient hunters or warriors are referred to as evidence that friendship comes into being when companions are on the same route for the same goal. Paragraph 2 asserts that unlike lovers， friends do not seek for privacy as much. （Pay attention here， this paragraph seems irrelevant in this position. The reason is that this is a selected part and this paragraph continues with the issues discussed previously which is not selected in Text 1.） Paragraph 3 carries on the discussion in paragraph 1 by using examples of more contemporary settings. Paragraph 4 identifies the subtle difference between friendship and companionship. Paragraph 5 provides a deduction based on the analysis made before， that is， a possible explanation of some people's friendlessness. Part Two （Paragraph 6-8）： A further introduction of the relationship between friendship and erotic love， namely， how the first evolves into the latter and how the latter infiuences the first. Paragraph 6 indicates how friendship， which is originated from companionship between different sexes can transform into erotic love and also how erotic love also leads to friendslup between the lovers. Paragraph 7 provides an insight for modern people to realize the significance ofthe concept that friendship and erotic love exist at the same time. Paragraph 8 is a complementary section to the previous paragraph. Part Three （Paragraph 9-11）： The comment or the reflection of the previously-made assertion about the relationship between friendship and companionship. Paragraph 9 brings forth people's common sense that friendship， which comes from companionship， is beneficial. Paragraph 10 puts forward a possible controversy of the claim in paragraph 7 by doubting the "survival value" of friendship. Paragraph 11 responses to such controversy by approaching the notion of "ally". 4.3 Working out an outline： Please work out an outline on the topic "Can two people become friends if one person has more money than the other?" You may resort to the "Writing Process" in the Introduction of this book. Your writing plan should address at least the following questions： 1） How many parts and paragraphs do you plan to write? 2） What is the main idea for each paragraph? 3） What kind of examples will you use to illustrate the typical features of these two types of people? 1. Defamiliarization Defamiliarization is the artistic technique of forcing the audience to see common things in an unfamiliar way， in order to enhance perception of the familiar. The term "defamiliarization" was first coined in 1917 by Viktor Shklovsky， who invented the term as a means to distinguish poetic from practical language on the basis of the former's perceptibility. For a long time， poetic language is believed as being fundamentally different from ordinary speech. The author adopts such a technique in this text to formulate an extremely serious tone in approach such metaphysical and idealist concepts as friendship， companionship and erotic love. Please study the language in the following sentence： It is when two such persons discover one another when， whether with immense difficulties and semi-articulate fumblings or with what would seem to us amazing and elliptical speed， they share their vision it is then that Friendship is born. Analysis： This sentence can be put into simple language like this： "If two persons， after long time of searching difficultly or easily， find that they share much in common， they can become friends." But such an expression is way too plain and simple. Through defamiliarization the words and expressions used by the author， such as "fumbling"， "elliptical" and the sentence pattern such as "...what seem to us..." give rise to a unfamiliar and philosophical tone， which is apt for describing the essence of some abstract events and processes. 2. Figures of speech In paragraph 10， some figures of speech are used. Please find them out and discuss them with your partners. There is something in this. But nearly every reader would probably think some of these movements good for society and some bad. The whole list， if accepted， would tend to show， at best， that Friendship is both a possible benefactor and a possible danger to the community. And even as a benefactor it would have， not so much survival value， as what we may call "civilisation value"; would be something （in Aristotelian phrase） which helps the community not to live but to live well. Survival value and civilisation value coincide at some periods and in some circumstances， but not in all. What at any rate seems certain is that when Friendship bears fruit which the community can use it has to do so accidentally， as a byproduct. ……
