国际贸易结算
2004-2
武汉大学出版社
何康民
194
《国际贸易结算》介绍了有关国际贸易结算方面的基本理论、基本知识和基本技能，以及相关的国际贸易惯例和游戏规则。 本书以英文版的形式，全面而系统地介绍了国际经济贸易进出口中各种支付、债券和债务结算方式。深入浅出地阐述了各种支付方式和基本理论，基本原理和操作技能。此外，还运用大量的流程图简化了国际贸易的复杂运转程序，帮助读者对抽象问题的理解和记忆，并为今后从事进出口贸易工作的从业人员奠定了坚实的基础。
Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 Definition and Implications of International Trade Payment1.2 Key Issues in International Payment1.3 The Purpose of Learning This Curse1.4 Prospect of International Trade PaymentExercisesChapter 2 Incoterms 19902.1 Incoterms 1990 and ICC2.2 Interpretation of Incoterms 1990ExercisesChapter 3 Remittance3.1 Parties to a Remittance3.2 Type of Remittance3.3 Reimbursement of the Remittance Cover3.4 International Transferring and Clearing System3.5 Laws，Rules and Uniform Customs Relating to International Trade PaymentExercisesChapter 4 InstrumentChapter 5 CollectionsChapter 6 Documentary CreditsChapter 7 Other Payment MethodsChapter 8 DocumentsAppendix Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits （ICC PublicationNo.500）References（参考书目）
Trade promissory notes are sometimes used in international trade，especially in capi．tal goods trade，by which the amount due is very large and the payment effects in inStdl．ments For example，under Forfaiting，the importer can issue a series of promissory notcs with different tenors which should be guaranteed by his bank．Upon receipt of肛anntecd promissory notes the seller will sell them to the Foffaiting bank for cash． All of the legal acts except for acceptance described in section of Bills of Exchange apply to promissory note．Promissory note itself Can be considered as a guarantee madc by the payer to effect payment．Therefore，legal acts will not be repeated here again． 4.6 Cheques A cheque is defined as an unconditional order in writing drawn on a bank signed by the drawer， requiring a bank to pay on demand a sum certain in money to the ordcr 0f a named person or to the bearer. The meaning of the different parts of the definition are： 1）Unconditi《，nal：payment can not hinge on certain conditions being met。for cxon． ple“Pay M r．Jones USD50 provided my salary cheque has been paid into my ac- count”． 2）Writing：it must be in writing，pen，biro，print，even pencil Can be used a1． though the latter is not recommended because details can casilY be altred 3）Signed：o cheque must be signed by the drawer who is the person paying出c nloney． 4）On demand： it is expected that the chequc will be paid ss soon as it js presented to the other bank． 5）A suln certain：the amount of the cheque must be definitive，both in words and figures． 6） Named person or bearer： the cheque must be payable to somcone by none 0r payable to“the bearer”． 4·6-1 The Main Parties Involved in a Cheque Iniiially，dlere are three parties are inv0IVed in a cheque 1）Drawer：the person who Jnakes out the check： 2）Dmwee：the personto whomthe chequeis addressed，itmust be a bank； 3）Payee：the persontowhomthe chequeismade payable． A couDle ofimportant points havetobe notedinthefollowing． a．The drawee of a chequeiS always a bank； b．Urdike a bill of exchange，there is nO 1egal acts of acceptance because a cheque ismerelyaninstrumentpayable Oil demand or at sight．In otherwords，a chequeis never accepted by the bank on which it is drawn，more importandy，it means that a bank isneverliahletothe cheque holderifit does not yet payit．The drawerremainsthe party holding primarily liable，and any endorsers are sureties for the drawers payment· 4．6．2 Essential Elements of a Cheque Basicallv．there ale five essential elements in a cheque．They ale mentioned as fol lows： 1）Wording“cheque”or“check”； 2）Detailed nanle of the dmwee，i．e．tje paying bank； 3）Nameand signat~e ofthe drawer； 4）Date and place of issuance； 5）Currency and a certain alnonnt． Date of issuing a cheque is critical，used as the basis of calculating its validity．A cheque 8hanld be presented within its validity，otherwise it is null and void．It，however， does not mean thatthepayment obligationtothe draweris cancelled．Period of validity set byGenevaUniform Lawsis 8 daysfromtheissuing dateinner a nation，20 daysinner a continent，and 70 days beyond a continent；the period set by the British Act is not cleady defined，but within a reasonable time，Laws of People’s Republic of China on Ne一 gotiable Instruments specifies：“cheque holder should present for payment within 10 days fromtheissuing date．” 4．6．3 Classification of Cheques 1）Crossing cheque and non。crossing cheque Some cheques bear two bold parallel lines across their face．This is the crossing， which implicates that the payee Can collect the cheque proceeds only through a bank iusti。 tution called collecting bank ratherthan askfor paymentin cash directly on counter ofthe drawee bank，In contrast，an uncrossed cheque namely，open cheque，does not have to be paid thmugh a bank account，payment Call be made over the counter，l·e·in cash. 1hus a person finding or even stealing all uncrossed cheque would be able to obtain Day—ment over the counter at the drawee bank provided that person had reasonable identifica-tion asthe payee and providedthatthe payeewas not personally knowntothebank．（suD．p0Se that a person，getting crossed cheque fraudulenfly and attempting to obtain the Dm一0eeds under this cheque，has to have one reason or can persuade someone else witth a bank account to Pay in the cheque and to make suitable endorsement，）The tIallsferee should let a bank to coUect that cheque．No doubt，it makes collsiderably more difficuIt and risky，because the applying of a crossing increases the time available for discovering the fraudulent activity and gives the drawer more time to stop payment 0f any st0Ien cheque·Furthermore，even ifpayment has been made before loss 0r fraud is discovered． it can 8JInost alwaysbe recoveredfromtheperson，thatistheIq；ue himselfor his succes— ser，for whom it collected since that person would have to have an account at the coUec．
自中国加入WTO以来，国外著名跨国集团公司、金融机构、工商企业纷纷抢滩中国市场，在中国设立分支机构、分公司及合资企业，引发了新一轮对高素质复合型外经贸人才的需求：要求他们具备良好的英语听、说、读、写、译及对外交流、沟通的能力，同时熟知外经贸专业知识及国际贸易惯例。所有这些对高等院校在人才培养方面提供了新的挑战。如何充分利用现有教育资源，培养大批社会急需的复合型外经贸人才是我们所面临的重大研究课题。 目前，许多高等院校关于如何利用翻译技巧，准确处理商务资料，处理不同信息，进行商务谈判的书籍较少；从文化的角度向读者介绍商务沟通技巧，不同民族商务活动的差异、作用、影响等的实用书籍也不多；此外，随着现代商务活动国际化程度的不断提高，目前全国从事商务领域活动，包括财贸、金融、商务、经济、法律、外交等部门的专业人员和从业人员也越来越多，阅此，综合目前的形势，为满足广大教师、学生、从业人员的需要，我们有责任为其提供一套全方位的、综合性强的现代商务英语丛书。张立玉院长主编的《现代实用商务英语丛书》在此做厂成功的尝试。 本套丛书分为八分册：《商务跨文化交际》、《商务英语英汉门译》、《商务英语选读》、《旧际商务英语初级口语》、《国际贸易结算》、《国际贸易进出口实务》、《国际市场营销技术》、《商务合同写作及翻译》。本套丛书的内容涵盖了当今国际商务最新观点，最新动态真。它可以满足读者所需要了解的在全球背景下商务活动的最新进展状况，并提供和帮助读者做好准备迎接新世纪国际商务业态的新挑战。 本从书的作者均在高等学校、研究单位或公司工作，具有丰富的教学、研究和实践经验，其中有的同志在商贸界享有盛名，颇有建树，且编著过相关书藉。在编著该套丛书过程中，作者花了近两年的时间做了大量的市场调查和案头工作，力求使理沦性、实用性、可读性有机结合。 改套丛书内容新颖、概念清晰，理论性和实用性强，通俗易懂、层次分明，其读者对象虽定位于高等学校商贸英语专业的学生，但对于外贸易工作人员、商务管理人员、外企文员等，也大有裨益。相信该套丛书的出版，定会受到读者的欢迎。
