应用语言学研究方法与论文写作
2004-11
外语教学与研究出版社
文秋芳
371
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"Give a man a fish and he eats for a
day. Teach him how to fish and heeats for a lifetime. " Doing
research is a mystery to many graduate students and secondlanguage
teache in China. This book aims to demystify the process ofcarrying
out research in the field of applied linguistics, particularly
inthe area of second language acquisition and teaching. This book
iswritten for those who have no previous research experience at all
orthose who have done some research without formal training. It
isparticularly useful for graduate students of applied linguistics,
secondlanguage teache and teacher-traine.
Preface
Part I Introduction
1. What is research?
Definition of research
Visualizing the research process
Classificatio of research
Summary
Discussion questio
2. Fundamental concepts
Hypothesis, theory and model
Population and sample
Variables
Levels of measurement
Operationalization
Summary
Discussion questio
Part II Researching
3. Developing research questio
Procedures
Problems in question formation
Summary
Discussion questio
4. Reading the literature
Sources of literature
Procedures for reviewing the literature
Deciding the scope
Summarizing the information
Summary
Discussion questio
5. Selecting research desig
Quantitative and qualitative
Links between question and design
A mono-design or a mixed design?
Complexities in classifying desig
Summary
Discussion questio
6. A survey study
A brief description
Itrument designing, questionnaire
Scaling techniques
Selecting subjects
Administering the questionnaire
Summary
Discussion questio
7. An experimental study
What is an experimental study?
Causality
Validity in experimentation
Types of experimental studies
Procedures for an experimental study
Summary
Discussion questio
8. A ease study
What is a case study?
Selecting the subjects
Collecting data
Summary
Discussion questio
9. Basic statistics
A brief description of statistics
Descriptive statistics
Inferential statistics
Summary
Discussion questio
10. The analysis of quantitative data
Overview of SPSS for windows
Questionnaire data analysis
Analyzing data from an experiment
Summary
Discussion questio
11. The analysis of qualitative data
Choices in analyzing qualitative data
Data preparation
Qualitative analysis
Validity and reliability
Summary
Discussion questio
Part III Thesis Writing
12. An overview of thesis writing
Definitio
The structure of a thesis
Summary
Discussion questio
13. Writing up a thesis/dissertation
Writing an introduction
Writing a literature review
Describing methodology
Reporting results and discussion
Writing the conclusion chapter
Summary
Discussion questio
14. Writing style
Academic writing style
APA writing format
Summary
Discussion questio
References
Appendixes
Appendix one：A Survey Study
Appendix two：An Experimental Study.
Appendix three: A Case Study
Appendix four: Questionnaire Description
Appendix five: Random Numbe
Subject index
Author index
1. What is research? If someone asks you to make a cake, you should know what kindof cakes/he wants. To look for a key, you must know what a key lookslike. Without a good understanding of the outcome you intend toobtain, you will experience a lot of frustrations and even failures. Theextreme case is that you might have spent your lifelong time and effortsdoing a piece of work but the eventual results you have obtained are notwhat you desired at all. Similarly, once you make up your mind tomake a commitment to research, the first legitimate question youshould ask is:"What is research?" The importance of such a question iswell illustrated in the following parable: A MAN LOOKING FOR FRUITS There was once a man who lived in a country that had nofruit trees. This man was a scholar and spent a great deal of timereading. In his readings he often came across references to fruit.The descriptions of fruit were so enticing that he decided toundertake a journey to experience fruit for himself. He went to the market and asked everyone he met if theyknew where he could find fruit. After much searching he locateda man who knew the directions to the country and place where hecould find fruit. The man drew out elaborate directions for thescholar to follow. With his map in hand, the scholar carefully followed all ofthe directions. He was very careful to make all of the right turnsand to check out all of the landmarks that he was supposed toobserve. Finally, he came to the end of the directions and foundhimself at the entrance to a large apple orchard. It was springtimeand the apple trees were in blossom.
无
学位论文写作的好帮手。
好书,有点薄
挺快的，也是正版
由于下雨，快递叔叔晚送了三天，我以为书给丢了呢！书很好，上课用很满意！呵呵！
很好的一本参考书，值得拥有。
文老师的佳作，很受益！
英文的 可以和中文的结合读 挺好的
书很好，又是老师用的教材
正如其英文前言所说：“Give a man a fish and he eats for a day. Teach him how to fish and he eats for lifetime.”本书以其强大的逻辑性，清晰的条理性深入浅出地为英语专业的我们在研究方法和论文写作方面提供了系统而全面的帮助。全书分为三个部分用十五章的篇幅较为全面的为读者提供了在日常学习及研究中一些具体问题的解答。我个人感觉虽然以前曾接触过一些研究方法但是对于其实质和具体操作却并不清楚。因此我认为此书很好地做到了答疑解惑和“授人以渔”。
本书第一部分着重介绍了“研究”，当我们开始一项研究，不仅要明确研究是否有研究价值，有新意，有可行性，还要确定研究的方法并最终得到研究答案。作为研究的三要素，三者同等重要。当涉及到整个研究的过程，有形形色色的理论和观点值得我们注意。作者提到了研究过程中的“循环说”和“流程说”也可以从不同的角度对研究进行分类。我注意到了这样一个例子，作者想要研究学习者可控因素与学习结果的关系时，努力程度却难以界定。理论定义与操作定义都很难明确说明，因此今后我们要尽可能避免类似研究因素。
第二部分则主要介绍了研究方法。首先需提出研究问题并阅读文献然后选择研究设计。以前写论文的时候总会有无从下手的感觉，根本不知道要研究什么，或者是选题空泛没有实际意义。我想这可能是因为我平时阅读的相关专业书比较少，缺乏个人思考，不能从系统出发提出问题，认识问题，解决问题。在研究设计中，作者为我们提供了定性定量相结合的研究方式。问卷题目很难但却很容易回答，因此，我认为能较大程度的避免回答者含糊不清的回应而影响真实性。但这也表面，当我们设计问卷或调查项目时要更加深入地全方位了解才能达到最佳结果！作者分章节介绍了以下研究方法，比如问卷调查，实验研究，个案研究，微变化研究等等。我感觉这些研究方法都各有其利弊，和它们的特点所对应的研究项目及应用前景，但对于我而言目前尚不能全面掌握，但是它们对于研究的科学性贡献让人印象深刻。我将在今后认真学习这些方法，并争取活学活用，为以后的论文写作和学术研究提供新思路新观点新方法。
最后一部分主要是对论文写作的介绍。在本科时曾学习过有关论文写作的知识，但毕业论文还是让当时的我感到很难。本书则从各个侧面介绍了论文写作的具体方式方法。小到使用英式拼写还是美式，大到怎样提升论文的研究意义。我感觉本书无论从理论到实践都是一本既实用又颇具指导性的著作。
在读完本书后，我同时也有一些疑问。对于研究手段而言，问卷调查和实验研究主要用于收集定量数据，个案研究则是定性研究还有微变化研究和复杂的数据统计分析等。究竟我们在做研究时怎样去灵活应用这些方法呢？还有如何根据它们各自的优势去辅助自己的研究，还需要今后多加钻研。此外在本书中作者多次提到有关二语习得方面的案例和研究，我认为这从一定程度为尚不明确如何研究课题的我们做出了很好的示范，我们准备论文时可以仿照作者在二语习得方面所做的一系列研究来开展。