中国人口的流行病学转变研究
2006年3月1日
中央编译出版社
宋新明
212
With an incrasing pmporion ofthe population surviving into adult and elderly age groups．the epidemiological profile ofChinain creasingly reflects the diseases and health problems of adults other than those of children In particular，chronic NOll-communicable diseases，instead of communicable diseases，are becoming more important causes of death As elsewhere this shift in cause-ofdeathstructure has been referrdto as the epidemiological transition．
PrefaceList of FiguresList of TablesAbbreviations and symbolsChapter One IntroductionSignificance of the StudeyAn Overview of Past Work on Mortality Research in the Chinese PopulationPuropse of the StudyOrganization of the BookChapter Two Literature Review:Concept,Components,Determinants and Mechanisms of Epidemiological TransitionChapter Three The Conceptual Framework for the StudyChapter Four Sources and Quality of DataChapter Five Mortality MeasuresChapter Six Time Trends on Mortality Levels and Age and Sex Patterns of Mortality ChangesChapter Seven Changes in Cause-of-Death StructureChapter Eight Regional Differences in Mortality Levels and Age Mortality PatternsChapter Nine Regional Differences in Causes of DeathChapter Ten Shifts of Age Distribution of Death From Young to OldChapter Eleven Conclusions and Impilcations
Chapter One Introduction The 20th century has witnessed an impressive increase in the expected length of life in the world. Citizens of developed countries have gained an average of nearly 25 years of life in this century (Butler,1994).More recently,mortality in less-devel-oped countries has also significantly declined.Preston(1980)estimated 1990 life expectancy at birth to be about 27.5 years in these poor countries.According to U-nited Nations'estimation it was about 60 years in 1990-1995 (United Nations,1996). Such increases in life expectancy are the result of changes in the level and structure of causes of death. The significant shifts in the reloative importance of cer-tain categories of causes of death have accompanied substantial declines in mortality. Despite the limitation of the data especially in developing countries,the broad worldtrend on causes of death is reasonably clear.In general,the process appears to be the one in which the number of deaths from famine and infectious diseases declined and were displaced by deaths from chroinc and non-communicable diseases. This shift in mortality patterns has been referred to as the epidemiological transition (Om-ran,1971). ……
