实用语义网
2009-2
人民邮电出版社
（美）阿利芒，（美）亨德勒 著
330
413000
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In 2003, when the World Wide Web Consortium was working toward the ratifi-cation of the Recommendations for the Semantic Web languages RDF, RDFS, andOWL, we realized that there was a need for an industrial-level introductorycourse in these technologies. The standards were technically sound, but, as istypically the case with standards documents, they were written with technicalcompleteness in mind rather than education. We realized that for this technol-ogy to take off, people other than mathematicians and logicians would haveto learn the basics of semantic modeling.Toward that end, we started a collaboration to create a series of trainingsaimed not at university students or technologists but at Web developers whowere practitioners in some other field. In short, we needed to get the SemanticWeb out of the hands of the logicians and Web technologists, whose job hadbeen to build a consistent and robust infrastructure, and into the hands of thepractitioners who were to build the Semantic Web. The Web didn't grow tothe size it is today through the efforts of only HTML designers, nor would theSemantic Web grow as a result of only logicians' efforts.After a year or so of offering training to a variety of audiences, we delivered atraining course at the National Agriculture Library of the U.S. Department ofAgriculture. Present for this training were a wide variety of practitioners inmany fields, including health care, finance, engineering, national intelligence,and enterprise architecture. The unique synergy of these varied practitionersresulted in a dynamic four days of investigation into the power and subtlety ofsemantic modeling. Although the practitioners in the room were innovativeand intelligent, we found that even for these early adopters, some of the newways of thinking required for modeling in a World Wide Web context weretoo subtle to master after just a one-week course. One participant had registeredfor the course multiple times, insisting that something else "clicked" each timeshe went through the exercises.This is when we realized that although the course was doing a good job ofdisseminating the information and skills for the Semantic Web, another, morearchival resource was needed. We had to create something that students couldwork with on their own and could consult when they had questions. Thiswas the point at which the idea of a book on modeling in the Semantic Webwas conceived. We realized that the readership needed to include a wide varietyof people from a number of fields, not just programmers or Web application developers but all the people from different fields who were struggling to understand how to use the new Web languages.
语义网的发展孕育着万维网及其应用的一场革命，作为语义网核心内容的语言——RDF和OWL，逐渐得到广泛的重视和应用。本书是语义网的入门教程，详细讲述语义网的核心内容的语言，包括语义网的概念、语义建模、RDF、RDF Schema、OWL基础等。 本书对于任何对语义网感兴趣的专业技术人员都是十分难得的参考书。
Dean Allemang，世界知名的语义网专家。英国剑桥大学数学专业硕士，美国俄亥俄州立大学计算机专业博士。有丰富的语义网开发经验，曾创办了最早的一家语义网技术公司，目前担任美国领先的语义网技术公司TopQLladrant的首席科学家。JoumalofWebSemantics编委。世界最大的语义网研究机构DigitalEnterprise研究院的评审委员会成员。自2003年起一直担任国际语义网会议工业应用方向的主席。
James Hendler，语义网的创始人之一，万维网联盟语义网协调组成员。美国人工智能协会和英国计算机协会会士。曾任美国国防部高级研究计划局（DARPA）的信息系统办公室首席科学家。目前是Rensselaer理工学院教授，并兼任麻省理工学院Web科学研究项目的副主任。他还是IEEEIntelligentSystems的主编，也是第一位担任美国《科学》杂志评审委员的计算机科学家。
CHAPTER 1 What Is the Semantic Web? What Is a Web? Smart Web, Dumb Web Smart Web Applications A Connected Web Is a Smarter Web Semantic Data A Distributed Web of Data Features of a Semantic Web What about the Round-Worlders? To Each Their Own There's Always One More Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER 2 Semantic Modeling Modeling for Human Communication Explanation and Prediction Mediating Variability Variation and Classes Variation and Layers Expressivity in Modeling Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER 3 RDF--The Basis of the Semantic Web Distributing Data Across the Web Merging Data from Multiple Sources Namespaces, URIs, and Identity Expressing URIs in Print Standard Namespaces Identifiers in the RDF Namespace Challenge- RDF and Tabular Data Higher-Order Relationships Alternatives for Serialization N-Triples Notation 3 RDF (N3) RDF/XML Blank Nodes Ordered Information in RDF Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER 4 Semantic Web Application Architecture RDF Parser/Serializer Other Data Sources--Converters and Scrapers RDF Store RDF Data Standards and Interoperability of RDF Stores RDF Query Engines and SPARQL Comparison to Relational Queries Application Code RDF-Backed Web Portals Data Federation Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER 5 RDF and Inferencing Inference in the Semantic Web Virtues of hfference-Based Semantics Where are the Smarts? Asserted Triples versus Inferred Triples When Does Inferencing Happen? Inferencing as Glue Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER 6 RDF Schema Schema Languages and Their Functions What Does It Mean? Semantics as Inference The RDF Schema Language Relationship Propagation through rdfs:subPropertyOf Typing Data by Usage--rdfs:domain and rdfs:range Combination of Domain and Range with rdfs:subClassOf RDFS Modeling Combinations and Patterns Set Intersection Property Intersection Set Union Property Union Property Transfer Challenges Term Reconciliation Instance-Level Data Integration Readable Labels with rdfs:label Data Typing Based on Use Filtering Undefined Data RDFS and Knowledge Discovery Modeling with Domains and Ranges Multiple Domains/Ranges Nonmodeling Properties in RDFS Cross-Referencing Files: rdfs:seeAlso Organizing Vocabularies: rdfs:isDefmedBy Model Documentation: rdfs:comment Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER RDFS-Plus Inverse Challenge: Integrating Data that Do Not Want to Be Integrated Challenge: Using the Modeling Language to Extend the Modeling Language Challenge: The Marriage of Shakespeare Symmetric Properties Using OWL to Extend OWL Transitivity Challenge: Relating Parents to Ancestors Challenge: Layers of Relationships Managing Networks of Dependencies Equivalence Equivalent Classes Equivalent Properties Same Individuals Challenge: Merging Data from Different Databases Computing Sameness--Functional Properties Functional Properties Inverse Functional Properties Combining Functional and Inverse Functional Properties A Few More Constructs Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER 8 Using RDFS-Plus in the Wild SKOS Semantic Relations in SKOS Meaning of Semantic Relations Special Purpose Inference Published Subject Indicators SKOS in Action FOAF People and Agents Names in FOAF Nicknames and Online Namds Online Persona Groups of People Things People Make and Do Identity in FOAF It's Not What You Know, It's Who You Know Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER 9 Basic OWL Restrictions Example: Questions and Answers Adding "Restrictions" Kinds of Restrictions Challenge Problems Challenge: Local Restriction of Ranges Challenge: Filtering Data Based on Explicit Type Challenge: Relationship Transfer in SKOS Relationship Transfer in FOAF Alternative Descriptions of Restrictions Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER 10 Counting and Sets in OWL Unions and Intersections Closing the World Enumerating Sets with owL'oneOf Differentiating Individuals with owl:differentFrom Differentiating Multiple Individuals Cardinality Small Cardinality Limits Set Complement Disjoint Sets Prerequisites Revisited No Prerequisites Counting Prerequisites Guarantees of Existence Contradictions Unsatisfiable Classes Propagation of Unsatisfiable Classes Inferring Class Relationships Reasoning with Individuals and with Classes Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER 11 Using OWL in the Wild The Federal Enterprise Architecture Reference Model Ontology Reference Models and Composability Resolving Ambiguity in the Model: Sets versus Individuals Constraints between Models OWL and Composition owl:Ontology owl:imports Advantages of the Modeling Approach The National Cancer Institute Ontology Requirements of the NCI Ontology Upper-Level Classes Describing Classes in the NCI Ontology Instance-Level Inferencing in the NCI Ontology Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER 12 Good and Bad Modeling Practices Getting Started Know What You Want Inference Is Key Modeling for Reuse Insightful Names versus Wishful Names Keeping Track of Classes and Individuals Model Testing Common Modeling Errors Rampant Classism (Antipattern) Exclusivity (Antipattern) Objectification (Antipattern) Managing Identifiers for Classes (Antipattern) Creeping Conceptualization (Antipattern) Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER 13 OWL Levels and Logic OWL Dialects and Modeling Philosophy Provable Models Executable Models OWL Full versus OWL DL Class/Individual Separation InverseFunctional Datatypes OWL Lite Other Subsets of OWL Beyond OWL 1.0 Metamodeling Multipart Properties Qualified Cardinality Multiple Inverse Functional Properties Rules Summary Fundamental ConceptsCHAPTER 14 ConclusionsAPPENDIX Frequently Asked Questions Further Reading Index
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“本书正是我这些年一直期待的，它的出版将帮助更多人真正理解语义网。我相信它对于语义网社区的作用，就像《Java编程思想》之于Java社区。” ——HenryStory，Sun公司语义网专家“本书的两位作者都是语义网的权威，一个来自学界，一个来自业界，堪称完美组合。他们使原本晦涩难懂的语义网和相关的知识表示标准变得生动易懂。强烈推荐。” ——MarkA．Musen，斯坦福大学教授，著名开源语义网平台Prot6g6项目负责人“Hendler和Allemang的这本书正是我们一直在寻找的。以前的同类图书对做实际工作的人帮助甚微，而这本书可读性很强，例子丰富而且简单易懂。我推荐大家都去买这本书。” ——DavidMcComb
阅读《实用语义网RDFS与OWL高效建模(英文版)》之后，读者可以大大加深对语义网的理解。充满自信地面对今天和未来的技术挑战。由Web之父TimJohnBertlers-Lee提出的语义网标志着又一场革命，它要大大提升万维网，为其内容添加语义，使其成为人们与计算机系统共享数据、信息和知识的更为强大的通用媒介。随着Web2．O和云计算等概念的不断深入人心。语义网的思想和技术已经逐渐融入到各种主流的软件（如Oracle、Photostlop）和Web应用（如社区网站、搜索）中。但是，长期以来，语义网方面的资料严重缺乏，除了标准规范本身之外，相关的图书基本上只是触及皮毛，缺乏实战指导。《实用语义网RDFS与OWL高效建模》(英文版)填补了这一空白。它由两位语义网世界级权威合作撰写。已经成为此领域不可或缺的权威著作。书中针对程序员和领域专家。在透彻而详细地讲述了语义网及其核心技术（RDFS和OW）的基础知识之后。提供了大量解决实际问题的方案、实例、技巧和经验。
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对语义网的描述很生动，很具体，非常适合初学者。文字方面，作者也没有用特别晦涩的语言和术语，即便英文水平不是很强，一般人也能看过去。
书拿到了，跟想像得一样质量还不错，因为还没有来得及读，所以不知道内容怎么样了
书拿到后我看几章，究其内容来说还是不错的。由浅到深的讲解了关于语义的一些知识，让你即使没有语义网的基本概念也能对这个时髦的名词有一定的了解。因为后面还没有看到，所以对其内容我还不能确定是否就很合适用来指导进行语义网建模。不过就我个人经验来看，这本书还是值得买下来学习的。
本书质量不错，内容比较充实，讲解的详细，有实例
正在阅读，比起国内的一些书籍，实用性很强。
比较专业，虽然印刷不太好，但内容值得一看
不是最新版本的，但能够买到影印版的也算是不错了。这本书是很不错的语义建模工程类书籍。写得很好。
这本书不错，看着也不枯燥
不愧是两位大牛，概念解释得十分清楚，英文用得也向机器语言一般简单精准，可谓“字字珠玑”了！这个领域，困难的不是你把概念都弄懂，而是你把你弄懂的东西告诉别人，让别人能够理解。这一点Hendler和Allemang做到了！
这是一本完全英文的书籍，对我也是一个挑战。正在学习中。。。
这么薄一本书弄这么贵，纸质不会弄好点么！还不如超市卖的劣质复印纸！