中国塔里木盆地构造特征与油气
1997-08-01
石油工业出版社
贾承造 等 著
295
Tarim basin locates in the southern part of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Geographically，it is circled by the huge Tianshan and Karakunlun Mountains and Altuntag， occurs as a large intra continental， inter mountainous basin with an extent of 560 000 km2. Taklamkan Desert， 330 000 km2， situates in the central part. Great foothill alluvial fan and flood plain surround the basin. Tarim Basin is the largest sedimentary basin of China. The remaining thickness of sedimentary rocks is 16 000 m， maximum accumulated thickness is 25 000 m. Residual total volume of sedimentary rocks is 400 milLion m3. Stratum involves Sinian to lower Permian of marine to paralic facies and upper Permian to Quaternary of continental facies. After works for more than 30 years， specially intensive exploration in recent 6 years， 8 fields with proven and control reserves of over 40 m：illion tons and a lot of other discoveries are obtained by China National Petroleum Corporation. The second round petroleum resource assessment held by CNPC estimates the total petroleum resource is 19.15 trillion tons. Tarim is one of large unexplored basin. Tarim is the hope of Chinese petroleum future， attracts the interest of major oil companies.
1 TECTOMC ELEMENTS AND STRATIGRAPHY OF TARIM BASIN 1.1 Tectonic elements1.1.1 Rises 1.1.2 Depressions 1.1.3 Periphyeral fault rises1.2 Stratigraphy1.2.1 Stratigraphic scheme 1.2.2 Sequence and distribution 2 GEOPIIYSICAL FIELD AND DEEP STRUCTURE CHARACTERS OF TARIM BASIN 2.1 Natural etuthquake converted wave sounding profile and custal structure 2.1.1 Overview 2.1.2 Korla-Ruoqiangprofile 2.1.3 Aksu-Yecheng profile 2.1.4 Kuqa-Tazhong-Tanan profile 2.1.5 Crustal structure of Tarim basin and its geodynamic implication 2.2 Gravity and magnetic field characteristics and crustal structure2.2.1 Density and magnetic texture of cover and crust 2.2.2 Characters ofgravity field 2.2.3 Characters of aeromagnetic anomaly and basement structure 2.3 Geothermal field, heat flow and lithosphenc thermal structure2.3.1 Data on thermal measurement and heat conductivity of rocks 2.3.2 Geothermal field of shallow part2.3.3 Heat flowin Tarim 2.3.4 Thermal stmcture and theology oflithosphere 2.4 Paleo temperature characteristics and its evolution 2.4.1 Implication of paleo temperature study and methods 2.4.2 Fission track of apatite after annealing 2.4.3 Vitrinitereflectance 2.4.4 Evolution ofpaleo temperature3 TECTOMC CHARACTERISTICS OF TARIM PLATE3.1 Overview on the tectorucs of Tarim plate3.1.1 PreCambrian basement ofTarim plate3.1.2 Boundary ofTarim plate and regionalisation3.1.3 Evolutionary characteristics3.2 Drifting history and paleo magnetic evidences3.2.1 Paleomagnetic results and the establishment ofapparent polar wandering path3.2.2 Drifting history of Tarim plate 3.2.3 Relationshipwith surroundingplates3.3 Sinian to Paleozoic3.3.1 Northern margin of Tarim plate3.3.2 Southwest margin of Tarim plate3.3.3 Altuntag and southeast margin of Tarim plate3.4 Mesozoic to Cenozoic3.4.1 Orogeny in northern margin of Tethyes3.4.2 Basin character of Tarim in Mesozoic and Cenozozic3.5 Volcanic rocks andimplication 3.5.1 Distribution ofvolcanic rock 3.5.2 Compositionofvolcanic rocks3.5.3 Tectonic model andimplication4 TECTONICS AND EVOLUTION OF TARIM BASIN4.1 Evolutionary stages ofthe basin4.1.1 Siximportant unconformities 4.1.2 Basin's prototypes 4.1.3 Tectonic evolution 4.2 Sinian to Ordovician, cratonic marginal aulacogen stage4.2.1 Tectonic background and proto type basin 4.2.2 Sedimentary characters4.2.3 Major tectonic events4.2.4 Deformation at the end of Ordovician 4.3 Silurian to Devonian, marginal foreland basin stage 4.3.1 Tectonic background and proto type basin 4.3.2 Sedimentary characters4.3.3 Major tectonic events4.3.4 Deformation at the end of Devonian4.4 Carboniferous to Permian, cratonic margin and intracratonic rift stages 4.4.1 Tectonic background and proto type basin 4.4.2 Sedimentary and structure characters4.4.3 Tectonic event and deformation 4.5 Triassic, foreland basin stage4.5.1 Tectonic background and proto type basin 4.5.2 Sedimentary and structure characters4.5.3 Tectonic event and deformation……5 STRUCTURAL CHARACTERS OFINTRACRATOMC PALEO UPLIFTS6 FORELAND BASIN AND THRUST BELT7 TECTONICS AND PETROLEUM ACCUMULATIONREFERENCE
（3）Tarim Basin has continental aust， lithospheric flexure observed in deep part， results of three natural earthquake transform wave sounding profiles （4）Nature， boundary and history of Tarim plate by ground survey， paleomagnetic measurement and tectonic phase analysis are understood. （5）Backstripping and restoration of the basin are performed on seismic， drilling and sedimentary data， correctly re-cover the proto type of the basin， subsidence and uplift history， 7 stages and 9 events defined. （6）Systematic study and understand the paleotemperature condition， volcanic activity and thennal evolutionary his- tory. （7）Structural analysis on Mesozoic and Cenozoic folds and faults in northwest and southwest part of the basin and in Kuqa， specify the mega strike slip fault system in northwest margin， confirm Kuqa foreland structure is thin skin tectonic made by terrace like thrusts. （8）Summarize fault system and fault style， kinds of structural and non sUuctural traps and their distribution regu-larities， discover and contour 52 hydrocarbon plays. 1.1.1 Rises 1.Tabei Rise.The extent of Tabei Rise is 36 000 km2.The rise is situated north of Tarim River， extends in eastwest direction. It is a paleo rise buried under Miocene toPliocene foreland depression. Sinian to Devonian stratawidespread in the region， and received denudation ofvarious degrees in the axial part of the rise. Carboniferousand Permian unconformablely covered on pre-Carboniferous rocks， and themselves also eroded in thetop part of the rise. Triassic unconformablely lay overPaleozoic. Jurassic and Cretaceotis strata are thin andwidespread， unconformable contact with middle Protero-zoic to Ordovician formations. Teffiary is the thickeststratum， Miocene to Pliocene can over 4000 m thick. According to the relief of the top of Paleozoic， TabeiRise is divided into six 2nd order elements， Luntai Uplift，Yingmaili Uplift， Harikatan Sag， Lunnan Uplift， CaohuSag and Korla Nose Like Uplift. Commercial oil and gashave been discovered in Shuan， Cambrian， Ordovician，Carboniferous， Triassic， Jurassic， Cretaceous， Paleogeneand Neogene. Certain amount of petroleum reserves isproven or controlled. This rise is an important petroleumexploration and production region. 2.Central rise. Central Rise locates in TaklamkhanDesert， takes east west strike， cut across the central part ofthe basin with an extent of 110 800 km2.It is separatedinto Bachu Fault Uplift， Tazhong Low Uplift and TadongLow Uplift. Bachu Fault Uplift is 43 200 km2， lies between Tu-muxiuke and Mazatag faults， runs in northwest direction.It is made of Paleozoic and thin Pliocene cover， Mesozoiconly locally preserved. It is a long term rise， present figurewas formed in Tertiary time. ……
