法律英语
2009-1
上海科学技术文献出版社
胡志勇 主编
229
为了给刚走出校门的大学毕业生提供一种实用、专业的符合本行业特点的英语教材，在国内相关院校的支持下，经过各位编委的共同努力，我们专门编撰了这套《实用职业英语》系列丛书。它是相关专业的职前培训推荐教材，本套丛书的主旨是为他们走上工作岗位提供一套专业性强、相对较为实用的职前培训教材，通过对本套丛书的学习，有利于已经具备一定专业基础的人员在较短时间内迅速掌握本专业的英语本领，为其早日顺利地开展对外业务打下扎实的英语基本功。本套丛书第一批暂出六个分册，分别是：会展、物流、新闻、外贸、金融、法律。第二批和第三批将陆续推出，以满足不同专业读者的需要。 本套丛书具有以下几个特点： 一、实用。本套丛书以实际应用为宗旨，简化语法点，系统介绍本专业相关的背景知识，所选的材料以提高读者的实际运用英语水平为目标，以大量的案例、票据等材料为基础编写，每册分为15-18个Unit，每个Unit又分为：Text、Notes、Baclkground、Study四个部分； 二、职业性强。本套丛书所编选的材料新、专业性强； 三、针对性强。本套丛书的课文专门按专业来编写，以讲解分析专业英语为主，突出解析本学科的重点、难点、疑点问题；Question和Dialogue紧扣Text，针对性强；图文并茂；所编选的材料注重时效性、科学性和客观性。 本套丛书由胡志勇同志提出编写思想、设计编写思路、制定详尽的编写体系，并具体指导和领导了各分册的编写工作。在编写过程中，得到了复旦大学、上海交通大学、上海外国语大学、华东师范大学、同济大学、上海财经大学等院校和上海科技文献出版社的支持和帮助。 参加本套丛书编写的人员大多是上海地区高校从事外语教学工作多年的优秀骨干，教学经验丰富，但恐于时间和水平有限，书中难免还有不妥之处，敬请英语界专家同仁和广大读者批评指正。
本书以最新实用的美国法律英语材料为基础编写，内容涉及美国刑法、环境法、破产法以及知识产权法等各个方面，入选的材料注重时效性、严谨性和客观性，具有实用性强、职业性强及针对性强等特点。 本书共有18个单元，每一课包括Text，Notes，Background，Dialogue以及Exercise（根据课文内容和学生特点，设计10个有代表性的Question）等内容，为提高学生的阅读理解能力，在课文后加注Notes，使学生掌握必要的英文法律词汇，在背景知识中结合课文，介绍相关的知识，每个单元至少有两篇趣味性强的Reading naterial，以扩大学生的阅读量，培养阅读的兴趣。
IntroductionPrefaceUnit 1 The Mediation and Arbitration, Alternatives to Resolving DisputesUnit 2 The United States' Federal Tort Claims ActUnit 3 Criminal LawUnit 4 Consumer Protection by LawUnit 5 Environmental LawUnit 6 Recent Changes in U.S. Bankruptcy LawUnit 7 Traffic LawUnit 8 Contract and Contract LawUnit 9 Employment LawUnit 10 Divorce LawUnit 11 Tax LawUnit 12 On LitigationUnit 13 Real Estate Law -- Buy or Sell A HouseUnit 14 Agricultural LawUnit 15 Intellectual Property LawUnit 16 Business LawUnit 17 Malpractice LawUnit 18 Juvenile Law
The release of nutrients and sediments， such as detergents and fertilizers， can also harm bodies of water. Eutrophication， the natural process by which lakes evolve into swamps and eventually dry land over the course of thousands of years， is accelerated by the discharge of nutrients that make lakes more biologically productive. Discharges of toxic chemicals， heavy metals， and other hazardous material can render both the water and its aquatic life unsafe for human consumption. The three major sources of these types of water pollution are industry， municipal activity， and agriculture. Federal regulation of water pollution begins with the Federal Water Pollution Control Act （FWPCA）. The FWPCA was designed to make waters "fishable and swimmable" and to eliminate the discharge of pollutants into navigable waters. The act delineates water quality standards， requiring many water polluters to implement the best practicable control technology or the best available technology economically achievable.Pursuant to the FWPCA， the EPA is required to maintain a list of toxic substances and to establish separate limitations for each of them based on public health rather than technological or economic feasibility. Although the primary responsibility for the enforcement of the act was left with the states， the federal government and private citizens are also authorized to pursue remedies. In 1977， the FWPCA was amended by the Clean Water Act. Under the CWA，conventional water pollutants， such as oil， grease （油脂）， and fecal coliform bacteria，are to be measured by the best conventional pollutant control technology. The CWA requires the EPA to weigh "the reasonableness of the costs of attaining a reduction in （pollution and the） benefits derived." No cost-benefit analysis was permitted for toxic substances and non-conventional pollutants such as ammonia （氨）， chlorides （氯化物），and nitrates. Civil and criminal penalties， including fines of up to $25，000 a day， are authorized under the CWA。
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