意识与情绪
2010-8
科学出版社
斯奎尔
726
无
什么是百科全书？这一名词来自于两个希腊单词：enkuklios（意思是循环的）和paideia（意思是教育）。在16世纪早期，拉丁手稿的抄写者们将这两个单词合而为一，其在英语中演化为一个单词，意思是具有广泛指导意义的工具书（The American.Heritage Dictionary，2000，Boston：Houghton Mifllin，p.589）。从其来源可见，其希腊文原词中蕴含着以探索、综合的方式努力获取知识的含义。无论是拉丁文还是英文，该单词泛指涵盖广泛领域知识的工具书。希腊文中强调的以创造性手段获取知识，在神经科学领域尤其适用。神经科学本身就是一个非常新的名词。Francis Schmitt在本书第一版的前言中指出，本书的编写过程就是将不同领域的科学家们聚集在一起，冲击大脑研究中最顽固的难题。他推动建立了神经科学研究项目（Neuroscience Research Program，简称NRP）。早期的NRP成员包括一些学术巨匠，如因关于光合作用的研究获得诺贝尔奖的Melvin Calvin、诺贝尔奖获得者物理化学家Manfred Eigen、生物化学家Albert Lehninger，和当时正在努力破解基因编码的年轻分子生物学家：MarshallNirenberg。
《神经科学百科全书》原书篇幅巨大，为所有神经科学百科全书之首。由来自世界各地的2400多位专家撰稿人合力打造，覆盖了神经科学全部主要领域。每个词条在收入书中之前均经过顾问委员会的同行评议，词条中均含有词汇表、引言、参考文献和丰富的交叉参考内容。 主编为著名神经科学家、美国神经科学学会前主席LarryR.Squire。内容平易，本科生即可读懂。深度和广度独一无二，足可满足专家学者的需要。导读版精选原书中的部分主题，按内容重新编排，更适合国内读者购买和阅读。
作者：（美国）斯奎尔（Larry R.Squire）
意识 Awareness:Functional Imaging Blindsight:Residual Vision Cognition:Neuropharmacology Coma Coma and Other Pathological Disorders of Consciousness Consciousness:Neural Basis of Conscious Experience Consciousness:Neurophysiology and Visual Awareness in Consciousness:Philosophy Consciousness:Theoretical and Computational Neuroscience Consciousness:Theories and Models The AIM Model of Dreaming,Sleeping,and Waking Consciousness Vegetative State情绪：概述 Depression and the Brain Emotion in Speech Emotion Systems and the Brain Emotion:Computational Modeling Emotional Control of the Autonomic Nervous System Nightmares Sexual Behavior:Neuroendocrine Control情绪：厌恶 Amygdala:Contributions to Fear Aversive Emotions:Genetic Mechanisms of Serotonin Aversive Emotions:Molecular Basis of Unconditioned Fear Emotion:Neuroimaging Fear Conditioning and Synaptic Plasticity Genetics of Human Anxiety and Its Disorders Learned Flavor Aversions and Preferences Panic Disorder Pharmacology of Fear Extinction Phobia and Human Evolution Posttraumatic Stress Disorder as an Emotional'Disorder认知与情绪 Appetitive Systems:Amygdala and Striatum Emotion and Vigilance Emotional Hormones and Memory Modulation Emotional Influences on Memory and Attention Social Interaction Effects on Reward and Cognitive Abilities in Monkeys情绪：社会 Aggression:Hormonal Basis Aggression:Neurochemical and Molecular Mechanisms Emotional Learning in Humans Neuroendocrinology of Social/Affiliative Behavior Pheromones in Humans and Social Chemosignals Social Brain:Evolution Social Emotion:Neuroimaging Social Interaction奖励与奖励系统 Addiction:Neurobiological Mechanism Connectivity of Primate Reward Centers Cortical Processing of the Reward Value of Food Dopamine: Cellular Actions Drug Addiction:Behavioral Neurophysiology Drug Addiction:Behavioral Pharmacology of Drug Addiction in Rats Drug Addiction:Cellular Mechanisms Drug Addiction:Neuroimaging Drugs Addiction :Actions Electrical Serf-Stimulation Energy Homeostasis:Endocannabinoid System Goal-Directed Behavior Theories 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine(MDMA, "Ecstasy") Neuropsychology of Primate Reward Processes Prefrontal Contributions to Reward Encoding Psychopharmacology of Reward and Appetite in Rats Representation of Reward Reward and Learning Reward Decision-Making Reward Neurophysiology and Orbitofrontal Cortex Reward Neurophysiology and Primate Cerebral Cortex Reward Processing:Human Imaging Reward Systems:Human Serotonin-Related Psychedelic Drugs Substance.Abuse and Dependence Transcription and Reward Systems压力与神经系统 Adrenal Steroids:Biphasic Effects on Neurons Chronic(Repeated)Stress:Consequences,Adaptations Circumventricular Organs in Neuroendocrine Control Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone:Integration of Adaptive Responses to Stress Diabetes Type 2 and Stress:Impact on Memory and the Hippocampus Gene Therapy and Protection from Stress-Induced Brain Damage Mother-Infant Interaction in the Variable Foraging Demand Model Posttraumatic Stress Disorder:Overview Social Stress in Adult Primates Stress and Cognition Stress and Neural Involvement in Metabolism Stress and Neuronal Plasticity Stress and Parasympathetic Control Stress and Suicide Stress and Vulnerability to Brain Damage Stress Response and Self-Esteem Stress Response:Genetic Consequences Stress Response:Neural and Feedback Regulation of the HPA Axis Stress Response:Sex Differences Stress,Cytokines and Depressive Illness Stress,Dopamine,and Puberty Stress,Sex and Adolescent Nicotine Response Stress,the HPA Axis and Depressive Illness Stress:Definition and History Stress:Homeostasis,Rheostasis, Allostasis and Allostatic Load Sympathetic Noradrenergic and Adrenomedullary Hormonal Systems in Stress and Distress Sympathoadrenal System:Neural Arm of the Stress Response TIP39(Tuberoinfundibular Peptide of 39 Residues)原书词条中英对照表
插图：Although most studies examining emotional arousalor stress effects on memory consolidation investigatedthe effects of adrenal stress hormones, emotional arous-al is known to induce the release of a variety of neuro-modulatory hormones within the brain, includingopioid peptides, r-aminobutyric acid （GABA）, vaso-pressin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH）.Importantly, many findings have shown that intra-BLA infusions of drugs that either mimic or block theaction of these transmitter systems enhance or impairmemory for emotionally arousing training. Moreover,disruption of BLA activity prevents these drugs frominfluencing memory consolidation. One transmittersystem that is of particular interest is CRH. CRH is aneuropeptide that is released by emotional arousal intothe hypothalamus and plays a crucial role in regulatingactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocorticalaxis and circulating glucocorticoid levels. However,CRH is also released in extra-hypothalamic sites, in-cluding the amygdala as well as several other brainregions, in response to arousing or stressful stimula-tion. Blockade of endogenous CRH in the BLA withinfusions of a CRH receptor antagonist impairs mem-ory for emotionally arousing training, whereas infu-sions of CRH dose-dependently enhance memoryconsolidation. Furthermore, CRH is known also tointeract with noradrenergic mechanisms in the BLA ininfluencing memory consolidation. Thus, this evidenceindicates that BLA activation by emotional arousal isa general gateway in mediating stress hormone andneurotransmitter effects on memory consolidation.
《神经科学百科全书12·意识与情绪(导读版)》由科学出版社出版。
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内容是英文，封面用中文做什么？被误导！