当代护理英语教程
2011-12
复旦大学出版社
戴月珍 编
206
《复旦卓越·高职高专护理英语系列教材：当代护理英语教程2（常见疾病护理）》共12章，每章由1篇精读和2篇泛读构成主题式阅读，3篇阅读材料均配有不同形式的理解题，所附的注解涵盖语言难点及知识要点。每章后的词汇及结构练习除缩略词外，均围绕内容以读、写、说等多种形式展开。章节编排注重系统性、知识性与实用性。《复旦卓越·高职高专护理英语系列教材：当代护理英语教程2（常见疾病护理）》的主要内容涉及护理学定义、护理艺术与科学、护理技能，以及心脏病、肺病、肝病、肾病、胃肠病、糖尿病、痴呆症、癌症等疾病的护理。
戴月珍，毕业于上海外国语学院英语系英美文学专业。现任复旦大学外文学院大学英语部副教授，主要从事医学博士生和硕士生的英语教学工作。参编卫生部英语培训系列《英语测试技巧》（1993）及《英语测试技巧详解》（1993）、《全国职称英语等级考试卫生类模拟试题集》（1998）、《医学英语教学短文阅读》（2003）、《医学英语视听说教程Ⅰ——健康通识》（2007）、《医学英语视听说教程Ⅱ一一医学教育与健康服务》（2007）、《医学英语视听说教程Ⅲ——疾病预防与治疗》（2007），主编（（当代护理英语教程Ⅰ——护理学概览》（2010）、《当代护理英语教程Ⅱ——常见疾病护理》（2011）；发表论文“改进高校公共英语课教学法探讨”（1994），“Teaching English through Authentic English”（1998），“The Profound Influence of King Alfred，the Great on the Development of English”（2004），“On the Light of the World by Ernest Hemingway”（2004）等。
Chapter 1 Defining NursingSection ⅠIntroductionSection ⅡTheme ReadingThe Definition of NursingSection Ⅲ Extension ReadingThe Classic and International Definitions of NursingWHO's Definition of NursingSection Ⅳ Further Topics for Discussion and Oral PresentationSection Ⅴ Language PracticeChapter 2 The Art and Science of NursingSection Ⅰ IntroductionSection Ⅱ Theme ReadingNursing as An Art and A ScienceSection Ⅲ Extension ReadingArtistic Nursing PracticesThe Art and Science of NursingSection Ⅳ Further Topics for Discussion and Oral PresentationSection Ⅴ Language PracticeChapter 3 Perfecting Nursing Skills，Part ⅠSectionⅠIntroductionSection Ⅱ Theme ReadingHow to Perform a Head-to-toe AssessmentSection Ⅲ Extension ReadingThe Importance of Documentation and ChartingNursing Skills in the Practice of NursingSection Ⅳ Further Topics for Discussion and Oral PresentationSection Ⅴ Language PracticeChapter 4 Perfecting Nursing Skills，PartⅡSection ⅠIntroductionSection Ⅱ Theme ReadingHow to Choose A Needle Size for An InjectionSection Ⅲ Extension ReadingAchieving IV MagicHow to Run An IVSection Ⅳ Further Topics for Discussion and Oral PresentationSection ⅤLanguage PracticeChapter 5 The Care of Heart DiseasesSection ⅠIntroductionSection Ⅱ Theme ReadingAssessing HealthSection Ⅲ Extension ReadingCommunity Outreach for Healthy HeartsHeart Disease， the No. 1 Killer of Women Aged 25 or OlderSection Ⅳ Further Topics for Discussion and Oral PresentationSection Ⅴ Language PracticeChapter 6 The Care of Lung DiseasesSection ⅠIntroductionSection Ⅱ Theme ReadingInside Medicine-Lung Cancer NurseSection Ⅲ Extension ReadingPrevention is the Cure for Lung DiseaseYou Can Prevent Lung DiseaseSection Ⅳ Further Topics for Discussion and Oral PresentationSection Ⅴ Language PracticeChapter 7 The Care of Liver DiseasesSection ⅠIntroductionSection Ⅱ Theme ReadingKeeping A Healthy LiverSection Ⅲ Extension ReadingTips to Keep Your Liver HealthyLiver， the Body's Workhorse -- Take Care of ItSection Ⅳ Further Topics for Discussion and Oral PresentationSection Ⅴ Language PracticeChapter 8 The Care of Kidney DiseasesSection ⅠIntroductionSection Ⅱ Theme ReadingAn Approach to Nephrology NursingSection Ⅲ Extension ReadingKeeping A Healthy KidneyKidney Health -- The Importance of Drinking Enough WaterSection Ⅳ Further Topics for Discussion and Oral PresentationSection Ⅴ Language PracticeChapter 9 The Care of Gastrointestinal DiseasesSection ⅠIntroductionSection Ⅱ Theme ReadingFive Tips for Healthy DigestionSectionⅢ Extension ReadingA Healthy Gastrointestinal Tract Is Essential for Longterm HealthWays to Preserve Gastrointestinal HealthSection Ⅳ Further Topics for Discussion and Oral PresentationSection Ⅴ Language PracticeChapter 10 The Care of DiabetesSection Ⅰ i IntroductionSection Ⅱi Theme ReadingLiving the LifestyleSection Ⅲ Extension ReadingTreatment of Type 2 DiabetesA Brief Introduction of Type 2 DiabetesSection Ⅳ Further Topics for Discussion and Oral PresentationSection Ⅴ Language PracticeChapter 11 The Care of Alzheimer's and DementiaSection ⅠIntroductionSection Ⅱ Theme ReadingApproaching Alzheimer's Care with Compassion， ISection Ⅲ Extension ReadingApproaching Alzheimer's Care with Compassion， IIA Briefing of Alzheimer's and Dementia in the U.S.Section Ⅳ Further Topics for Discussion and Oral PresentationSection Ⅴ Language PracticeChapter 12 The Care of CancerSection ⅠIntroductionSection ⅡTheme ReadingBasic and Vital -- A Struggle to BreatheSection Ⅲ Extension ReadingTraining and Practice for Oncology NursesCaring for Cancer Patients and Why We DoSection Ⅳ Further Topics for Discussion and Oral PresentationSection Ⅴ Language PracticeGlossaryCommon Abbreviations & Acronyms
The routes of injection include intravenous， intramuscular， subcutaneous， and intradermal. Intradermal and subcutaneous injections are usually more effectively administered with smaller-bore and shorter needles. You are going into or just under the skin and a tiny needle is best for this because a larger-bore or longer needle gives far more opportunity to go too deep and give the injection as an intramuscular one instead of how it was intended to be given. Insulin， the PPD testa， and several other injections are in this category. Intramuscular injections go into the muscle itself. This requires a longer needle but the size of the bore can vary from small to large depending on the medication. Smaller needles pierce the skin more easily and will deliver more dilute solutions effectively. Larger doses of medication or something that is an irritant like Ativan，Vistaril or Phenergan needs to go deep and requires a larger-bore needle because of the thickness of the solution itself. It may also help in the case of very thick medications to dilute them with an appropriate diluent to assist in the case of injection. Intravenous injections also vary in thickness， amount， and irritability. These injections require care in choosing the size and length of the intravenous catheter based on the nurse's knowledge of the medication and its properties.Some medications will require the placement of a central line because of the irritant tendencies of the substance. Others can be given through a small， short catheter in a rapid infusion. The matter of injection depends on the medication and the desired purpose. Many meds can be given IV or IM*. Intravenous infusions tend to act much more quickly，and wear off more quickly，than an intramuscular injection. Intramuscularly administered medications are absorbed through the muscle into the bloodstream，take longer to take effect，and tend tO last longer because of the time involved in absorption，distribution，and elimination.For an IM injection you want to use a needle that is big enough to effectively administer the medication that is ordered without causing undue discomfort to the patient.If you are giving an injection that is recommended to be administered using the Z—track technique，a longer needle is more effective regardless of the bore size you choose because it will deliver the medication more deeply into the muscle，thus preventing any accidental oozing of a potentially irritating medication out of the desked iection site. The last thing to consider is the size of the patient.A 11／2 inch needle is not necessary for an elderly patient who weighs 96 pounds.If you choose a longer needle for a small patient，you may just go past the muscle to the bone.Conversely。a needle an inch long may not deliver an intramuscular injection to an obese patient，but rather may give them a subcutaneous dose of the medication，which can interfere with the effectiveness of the medication.It Can also cause tissue damage. The most important thing to use while choosing a needle size，both gauge and length，is common sense and your training as a nurse.Look at the size of the patient， the viscosity of the medication，the ordered route of administration.the proper technique，and choose your needle accordingly.Use the smallest and shortest needle possible to achieve the desired effect. ……
