中国姓氏=The Chinese Surname

2005-3  

安徽教育出版社  

罗晓帆  

194  

王小雨  

　　The Chinese Surname is one of thetitles of the series Essences ofChinese Culture. This is the firstscholarly study of appellation ofChinese people. Chinese surnamesand names are quite different fromthose of other nations in the world.This booklet provides a largeamount of data to describe the originand development of Chinesesurnames. It presents a detailedanalysis of the background of social，political and economic situationwhich leads to formation andevolution of Chinese surnames.Very interesting and unique customsof giving and calling surnames inChinese history are introduced withmany illustrations.

ⅠLegends of Origin of the Chinese Surname /1-26The Origin of Xing　/1The Origin of Ming　/12The Appearance of Shi　/18Ⅱ The Formation of Surname Rules and Customs /27Early Traces of Surname Customs　/27Large-cale Granting of Land in the Xi Zhou Dynasty　/39Acquiring Ming and Selecting Zi　/49Summary　/57Ⅲ　Establishment of the Surname System in theFeudal Society /60~83Large cale Changes in the Early Hart Dynasty　/60The Custom of Acquiring Ming in the Han and WeiDynasties　/69Tracing Nicknames　/75Naming Taboos and Changing the Surname　/77The RAse of Powerful Families　/82IV　Publicizing the Honorable Surnames /84The Family-oriented Society　/84The Popularization of GenealogicaI Charts　/91Surnames of Celebrated Families and Ancestral Hall Names/94V　The Times of a Variety of Names /103~134The Decline of Aristocracy　/103Name-choosing Customs of the Wei-Jin Dynasties and Afterwards　/107Aliases and Elegant Titles　/111Nicknames　/121Imperial Titles　/126VI The Era ofthe Popularization of Full Names /135-177The Appearance of Popular Surnames　/135Genealogical Records and the Ordering of Names　/141Stage Nanaes　/147Naming Traditions after the Song and Yuan Dynasties　/151Name and Fate　/161Pen Names　/164Names in Poetry　/170Name Couplets　/173VII Trends in Contemporary Name Development/178-192Overview of the Twentieth Century　/178Future Naming Trends　/184Translator's Note /193

　　The academic world has divergent opinions on the interpreta-tion of this passage.　Nonetheless，　the passage reflects that for themost part， and on a large scale， surnames were given to men duringthe initial periods of patriarchal society，　hence resulting in patriar-chal tribes.Since Emperor Huang is largely mythical， we know that he wasmore of a representative figure， rather than a specific person， to theancient people; we thus do not need to examine his twenty-five sonsin detail.　We can instead interpret his twenty-five sons as twenty-five capable men who had the ability to independently support theirown sub-tribes. These men of Emperor Huang's tribe indeed set outto form tribes of their own，　initiating each tribe with a certain sur-name.　Such a phenomenon may have mm'ked the first formalizationof societal relations among the expanding patriarchal societies.　Theabove passage also informs us that though members of EmperorHuang's tribe were blood relatives， they were given twelve new sur-names，　thus enabling future members of these new tribes to inter-marry.Another ancient legend tells the story of Emperor Huang lead-ing the masses against three Miao Tribes including Chi You in theZhu Lu~ fields: With the Xiong~， Ba， and other tribes， EmperorHuang engaged in fierce battle with the Chi You and his people.Though this recounting is heavily tinged with folklore.

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